• The process in which information from one packet is wrapped around or attached to the data of another packet
• In the OSI model each layer encapsulates the layer immediately above it

OSI Layers

• Process down the stack and up the stack
• Each layer communicates with corresponding layer through the stack

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6 OSI Security Services

• A security service is a collection of security mechanisms, files and procedures that help protect the network
  • Authentication
  • Access Control
  • Data Confidentiality
  • Data Integrity
  • Non-repudiation
  • Logging & monitoring

8 OSI Security Mechanisms

• A security mechanism is a control that is implemented in order to provide the 6 basic security services
  • Encipherment
  • Digital Signature
  • Access Control
  • Data Integrity
  • Authentication
  • Traffic Padding
  • Routing Control
  • Notarization

TCP/IP Suite of Protocols