CISSP Exam Note (Domain 2: Telecommunications and Networking Security) – More Protocols

March 10, 2010 · Posted in Don's eBook Report, Information Security, Information Systems, Information Technology 

Host-to-Host Transport Layer Protocols

TCP – Transmission Control Protocol

  • Connection oriented
  • Sequenced packets
  • Acknowledgement is sent back for received packets
  • If no acknowledgement then packet is resent
  • Packets are re-sequenced
  • Manageable data flow is maintained

Note: TCP and UDP use dynamic port numbers greater than 1023

UDP

  • Best effort
  • Doesn’t care about sequence order
  • Connectionless
  • Less overhead and faster than TCP

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Internet Layer Protocols

IP – Internet Protocol

  • All hosts on a network have an IP address
  • Each data packet is assigned the IP address of the sender and the receiver
  • It provides an “unreliable datagram” services
  • Provides:
    • No guarantees that the packet will be delivered
    • No guarantee that the packet will be delivered only once
    • No guarantee that it will be delivered in the order in which it was sent

ARP – Address Resolution Protocol

  • Use the IP Address to get the MAC address
  • MAC Address is 48 bit
  • IP address is 32 bit
  • Only broadcast to network first time, otherwise stores IP and MAC info in table

RARP – Reverse Address Resolution Protocol

  • Use the MAC address to get the IP address
  • RARP Server tells diskless machines’ IP address

ICMP – Internet Control Message Protocol

  • Management Protocol and messaging service provider for IP
  • Sends messages between network devices regarding the health of the network
  • Ping is ICMP packet
  • Ping checks if a host is up and operational

Note: TCP/IP does not define physical standards it uses existing ones

Other TCP/IP Protocols

Telnet

  • Terminal Emulation
  • No File Transfer

FTP

  • File Transfer Protocol
  • Can not execute files

TFTP

  • Trivial FTP
  • No directory browsing capabilities, no authentication
  • Can only send and receive files
  • UDP-base file transfer program that provides no security

NFS – Network File Sharing

SMTP – Delivers e-mails

X-Windows – For writing graphical interface applications

SNMP

  • Simple Network Management Protocol
  • Provides for the collection of network information by polling the devices on the network from a management station
  • Sends SNMP traps (notification) to  MIBS – Management Information Bases

Bootstrap Protocol (BootP)

  • Diskless bootup
  • BootP server hears the request and looks up the client’s MAC address in its BootP file
  • Internet Layer Protocol

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